PGT Commission (Paper-1, all Subjects)

                                                                              Paper-1(with negative marking)*
                                                                  Subject                     Weightage
HP GK (Society, History, Geography, Economy)30 marks
Current Affair (State, national & International)30 marks
General Hindi20 marks
General English20 marks
*Qualifying marks : 35% (Number may play role during merit formation)

MCQs
PGT Commission (Paper-1)

Practice Papers
PGT Commission (Paper-1, all Subjects)

Practice Test Paper-1

Himachal Pradesh-General Knowledge

Current Affairs

Q1. Which Swiss official formally declared Khajjiar as ‘Mini Switzerland’?

[A] Willy T. Blazer                                    [B] Andrew Knocks
[C] Major Armherst                                 [D] Van Dam Noah

Q2. Consider following statements:

i. Hesi tribe is mostly found in Kinnaur

ii. Swangla tribe is found in Pattan valley

iii. Bharai are Shehnaei players

iv. Hati are the local sellers

Which of the above statement/s is/are true?

A. i, ii & iv only               B. ii, iii & iv only

C. i &iii only                    D. ii & iv only

Q3. After the dismissal of Gurkhas, who was appointed as governor of Kangra?

A.  Jassa Singh Ramghria

B. Ghammand Chand

C. Desa Singh Manjithia

D. Sansar Chand

Q4.Which was the first play put on in the Gaeity Theatre?

(a) Time will tell                   (b) Super Dead Man

(c) The Normal Heart          (d) Awake and Sing

Q5. Who wrote ‘Tarik-i-Feruz Shahi’ that mentions the conquest of Nagarkot Fort?

[A] Khawand Mir                [B] Badr Chach

[C] Abul Fazal                     [D] Ziauddin Barani

Q6. Three important rivers of the Indian subcontinent have their sources near the Mansarover Lake in the Great Himalayas. These rivers are
A. Indus, Jhelum and Sutlej
B. Brahmaputra, Sutlej and Yamuna
C. Brahmaputra, Indus and Sutlej
D. Jhelum, Sutlej and Yamuna

Q7.The Ministry of Tribal Affairs, Govt. of India sanctioned first Éklavya Model Residential School’ in H. P. was opened at which place of the State?

(a) Nichar     (b) Udaipur   (c) Killar     (d) Kaza

Q8. Raja Kaheri Singh was the ruler of which state?

[A] Kullu                   [B] Rampur Bushahr
[C] Kangra               [D] Chamba

Q9. Name of person who was commissioned by J.L. Nehru on the proposal of Mahatma Gandhi for the enquiry of Dhami Firing Incident?

A. Thuni Chand Advocate        B. Sunni Chand Advocate

C. Krishan Chand Advocate      D. Duni Chand Advocate

Q10. The smallest National Highway of H.P.is

  1. NH-44          B.NH-907       C. NH-3       D. NH-505A

Q11. Which of the following incident was termed as ‘Shimla Terror’ and ‘Shimla Genocide’ by the English newspapers in England?

(a) Revolt of 1857                    (b) Anglo-Gurkha War

(c) Dhami Firing incident      (d) Quit India Movement

Q12.  Who revolted against Britishers in Mandi ?

a. Bhanu Partap of Praja Mandal

b. Roop Sharma of Congress Party

c. Nonihal of Azad Hind Fauz

d. Hardev of Gaddar Party

Q13. ‘Telangi Selection’ and ‘Ribba Selection’ etc. are the local varieties of which dry fruit?

(a) Walnut   (b) Pistachio   (c) Almond   (d) Apricot

Q14. To make tourists familiar with the ancient cultural heritage of the state and to train the local youngsters as cultural guide with the objective to provide themselves employment, a scheme has been started by Govt. of H. P. Name of the scheme is

(a) Aaj Purani Rahon Se ( b) Gaon Bhi Apna Sheher Bhi Apna

(c) Nai Raahein Nai Manzilein (d) Jaane Kahan Gaye vo Din

 Q15. Ambuja Cement Plant is located at

A. Kandaghat           B. Rajban

C. Darlaghat             D. Barman

  1. A     2. D     3. C     4. A.     5. D    6. B     7. B       8.B     9. D       10.  B  11. A   12. D  13. C   14. A  15. C

Q.1. India is home to around 718 snow leopards, according to the first-ever population estimation exercise conducted by the Snow Leopard Population Assessment in India (SPAI) Programme. The highest number of snow leopards were recorded in which place?

(a) Ladakh                             (b) Uttarakhand                                                                              (c) Himachal Pradesh          (d) Arunachal Pradesh 

 Q2. In which of the following city has been declared the “City of Music” by UNESCO recently?

(a) Gwalior               (b) Jaipur                 (c) Hyderabad          (d) Kozhikode 

 Q.3. Which company sold a record 11.2 million vehicles in 2023, taking the crown as the world’s top-selling automaker for a fourth straight year?

(a) Toyota Motor                            (b) Mahindra & Mahindra Ltd                                            (c) Suzuki Motor Corporation        (d) Mercedes-Benz 

Q4. Which of the following country will host FIFA World Cup 2034?

(a) Saudi Arabia            (b) India                  (c) Japan                       (d) UK

Q5. In January 2024, The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has directed which payments bank to cease all deposits and credit transactions after 29 February 2024?

(a) Airtel Payments Bank                   (b) India Post Payments Bank                                      (c) FINO Payments Bank                    (d) Paytm Payments Bank 

Q6. Which country has recently announced Visa-Free Entry for Indians to boost tourism from 10th November 2023 to 10th May 2024?

(a) France             (b) Thailand                (c) UK                 (d) USA 

Q7. Aligarh Muslim University (AMU) will launch Its Own Satellite to be named after its founder. Who was the founder of AMU?

(a) Muhammad Iqbal                 (b) Muhammad Ali Jinnah                                                      (c) Syed Ahmad Khan                (d) Liaquat Ali Khan

Q8. Which of the following states does not celebrate its foundation day on 1 November?

(a) Chhattisgarh              (b) Karnataka              (c) Rajasthan              (d) Punjab 

Q.9. Consider the following statements about the Republic Day Parade 2024:

  1. Best Marching Contingent – Rajputana Rifles Regimental Marching Contingent; by the panel of judges
  2. Odisha (Woman Empowerment in Viksit Bharat) Tableau at first position in the state/UTs; by the panel of judges
  3. Ministry of Culture (Bharat: Mother of Democracy) is Best Tableau in Ministries and Departments; by the panel of judges
  4. Best Marching Contingent– Sikh Regiment Contingent; by the citizens’ vote
  5. Gujrat (Dhordo: A Global Icon of Gujarat’s Border Tourism) Tableau at first position in the state/UTs; by the citizens’ vote

Find the Correct Statements?

(a) only iii                              (b) only iii & iv                                                                                    (c) only ii, iii & v                    (d) only i, ii & iv

 Q10. Which Tiger Reserve has got the title of India’s first ‘Dark Sky Park’?

A. Kaziranga Tiger Reserve          B. Kamlang Tiger Reserve

C. Namdapha Tiger Reserve         D. Pench Tiger Reserve

 Q.11. What is the mascot of the Khelo India Winter Games 2024?

(a) Nokki, Lekki, and Tsukki                    (b) Neve, Gliz and Aster

(c) ‎Miga, Quatchi, Sumi                           (d) Sheen-e She

Q12. North India’s first nuclear power plant will be set up in which state?

A. Haryana          B. Himachal Pradesh        C.    Uttarakhand         D. Punjab

Q13. On which date is National Women’s Day celebrated in honour of Sarojini Naidu’s birth anniversary?

A. February 12th             B. February 15th          C. February 13th       D. February 11th

 Q.14. Indian Coast Guard Day is observed every year on February 1. The Indian Coast Guard was established on which year?

(a) 1952              (b) 1959                  (c) 1969                    (d) 1977

Q15. What is the name of the new AI chatbot introduced by UIDAI recently?

A. ‘Aadhar Sahyogi’        B. ‘Aadhar Sathi’

C. ‘Aadhar Mitra’           D. ‘Aadhar Madad’

  1. A 2. A    3. A    4. A.    5. D    6. B    7. C   8.C   9. C   10.  D  11. D   12. A  13. C   14. D  15. C

सामान्य हिन्दी

General English

Q1. ‘इन्द्र’ का पर्यायवाची शब्द इनमेंसेक्या होगा?

A. शक्र          B. पंचबाण         C. पिनाकी     D. मनोज

Q2. निम्नलिखित मेंसेशुद्ध वाक्य कौन-सा है?

A. बाजार मेंझुंडोंके झुण्ड जानवर खड़ेथे।

B. सब तरह के वर्गके लोग सभा मेंउपस्थित थे।

C. यह बात कहनेमेंअनन्या को संकोच न होगा।

D. इस बात को कहनेमेंअनन्या को संकोच न होगा।

Q3. इनमें कौन स्वर संधि का उदाहरण है?

(a) संयोग                    (b) मनोहर

(c) नमस्कार              (d) पवन

Q4. निम्नलिखित वाक्यांश के लिए एक सार्थक शब्द चुनिए।

जो बाएँऔर दाएँदोनोंहाथोंसेतीर चला ले

A. मुक्तहस्त          B. सहोदर           C. सव्यसाची          D. शाक्त

Q5. ‘विरंचि’ के लिए समानार्थी शब्द चुनकर निम्न वाक्य पूर्णकीजिए।

राक्षस को ________ सेवरदान मिला।

A. शंकर        B. ब्रह्मा             C. गणेश         D. विष्णु

Q6. इस कक्ष की लंबाई, ऊँचाई और चौड़ाई बराबर और एकरूप है।

उपरोक्त वाक्य मेंकौन-सा शब्द भाववाचक संज्ञा शब्द नहींहै?

A. एकरूप          B. चौड़ाई                C. ऊँचाई        D. लंबाई

  1. सम्उपसर्ग से निर्मित शब्द नहीं है?
    (A) सुमति                  (B) संहार
    (C) संबोधन               (D) संविधान

 8. किस वाक्य में पूर्व कालिक क्रिया है?

(A) ठोकर लगते ही लड़का गिर पड़ा।
(B) वह चाय पीकर घूमने जाता है
(C) विद्यार्थी आयें तो कक्षा लगे
(D) निरपराध को डांटते शर्म नहीं आती?

  1. चारु कपोल लोल लोचन, गोरोचन तिलक दिए। लट-लटकनि मनु मत्त मधुपगन, मादक मधुहिँ पिए। -में कौन – सा अलंकार है?

.A.  श्लेष अलंकार              B. उत्प्रेक्षा अलंकार
C. अतिश्योक्ति अलंकार      D.  मानवीकरण अलंकार

  1. मूक होई वाचाल, पंगु चढ़ै गिरिवर गहन जासु कृपा सु दयाल, द्रवहु सकल कलिमल दहन उपरोक्त में कौन सा छंद है
    [A] दोहा                   [B] चौपाई
    [C] सोरठा                 [D] बरवै
  1. A 2. C     3. D    4. C    5. B     6. A    7. A     8.B     9. B    10.  C

Q1. Choose the correctly spelt word.                                                                                    (A) Humorus                 (B) Humorous
(C) Humoros                 (D) Humarous

Q2.  We cannot move forward without Ankit, so let’s call it a year. (Choose the correct phrase from the options given below to replace the highlighted phrase and make it grammatically correct)                                                                                                              a)      Call it a month                      b)      Say it a year                                                                  c)      Say it a day                           d)      Call it a day

 Q3. Choose the alternative which best expresses the given sentence in active voice.
The invitation cards will be sent today.                                                                                  (A) they will be sending the invitation cards today.
(B) they will send the invitation cards today.
(C) they will sent the invitation cards today.
(D) they will have sent the invitation cards today.

Q4. Choose the most appropriate alternative to fill in the blank.
The noise comes from ________ the river.

(A) over                   (B) across                (C) against             (D) besides

Q5. Find out the correct indirect speech of the following sentence.
He said, “do you know german ?”

(A) he asked me if i knew german.             (B) i asked him if he knew german.
(C) he asked me to know german.              (D) he asked me if he knew german.

Q6. Find out the antonym of ‘absurd’.

(A) sane               (B) refuse                  (C) silly                (D) anxious

Q7. Fill in the blank with the appropriate option given below.
If you ________ no confidence in self, you are twice defeated in life.

(A) have              (B) having                  (C) has              (D) had not

Q8. In the following question, the first and the last part of the sentence are numbered S1 & S6.
The rest of the sentence is split into four parts and named P, Q, R and S. These four parts are jumbled. Re-arrange them in correct order.

S1 – Even today in many countries
P – neglected and there are far
Q – women continue to be
R – who have had the benefit of
S – fewer women than men
S6 – education and vocation training
(1) PQRS                 (B) QPSR               (C) RQPS                 (D) SQRP

Q9.Select from the alternatives the word nearest in meaning to the word given in capital letters.                                                                                                                INEBRIATE

a) Depressed               b) Discouraged          c) Drunken         d) Demotivate

 Q10. Fill in the blanks with appropriate conjunctions: Not only he ……..his father was also present.

(a) Is                      (b) But                     (c) Can                             (d) Also

  1. B 2. D     3. A    4. B    5. A     6. A    7. A     8.B     9. C    10.  B

Practice Test Paper-2

Himachal Pradesh-General Knowledge

Current Affairs

Q1. Mian Chu-Chu and Vaid Surat Singh were the leaders of a revolt, Pajhota movement, that took place in ______?

[A] Sirmaur           B] Bilaspur
[C] Dhami             [D] Mandi

Q2. Who was the political guru of Y S Parmar?

[A] Kanshi Ram               [B] Bhagmal Sautha
[C] Chaudhary Sher Jung [D] Ram Lal

Q3. Who authored ‘Tarikh-i-Yamini’ containing the descriptions of Mughal expedition of Himachal?

[A] Birbal                   [B] Utbi
[C] Farishta                [D] None of the above

Q4. River Tons joins Yamuna at which of the following places ?

[A] Kalsi               [B] Rohru
[C] Nahan           [D] Mokkampur

Q5. ‘Praino’, ‘Jhanjrara’, ‘Damchalshish’ and ‘Doghri’ are the types of what, amongst the tribes of H. P.?

(a) Divorce                (b) Marriage

(c) Birth ceremony   (d) Death Custom

Q6. Which of the following fair was conceived by ‘W. Goldstein’ the then Superintendent of Shimla Hill States?

(a) Shivratri (b) Minjar (c) Lavi (d) Nalwari

Q7. Which of the following product is not registered under the Geographical Indications (GI) of Goods Act, 1999?

(a) Kinnauri Shawl         (b) Kangra Tea

(c) Chamba Rumal        (d) Sirmauri Loe

Q8. Which is the pass at an elevation of 4890 meters where roads from Zanskar, Ladakh, Spiti and Lahaul meet?

(a) Baralacha Pass          (b) Darati Pass

(c) Rohtang Pass           (d) Charang Pass

 Q9. Which valley of Kinnaur is connected with Uttrakhand with several passes?

(a) Bhabha Valley                (b) Baspa Valley

(c) Hangrang Valley            (d) Tidong Valley

Q10. Who was the first and only recipient of ‘Tagore Samman’ from Himachal Pradesh?

(a) Deepu Sharma                (b) Gambhari Devi

(c) Basanti Devi                   (d) Kamla Chadda

Q11. On 15th April, 1948 which of the following princely states were merged into Himachal Pradesh without alteration of their boundaries?

(a) Chamba and Mandi          (b) Mandi and Suket

(c) Mahasu and Mandi           (d) Sirmaur and Chamba

Q12. What is the scientific name of the recently discovered butterfly species in Himachal Pradesh?

  1. a) Hesperia baoris b) Baoris farri
    c) Paintbrush Swiftus d) Hesperiidae himachalensis

Q13. Match the following

Glacier

Description

  1. Bara Shigri

       i.          longest glacier in Himachal Pradesh

  1. Gyephang

     ii.          Amphitheatre in Lahul

  1. Siachen

    iii.          Manimahesh of Lahul

  1.  Bhagha

    iv.          largest glacier in India

A. (a-iii) (b-ii) (c-iv)(d-v)              B. (a-iii) (b-i) (c-iv)(d-v)                                                            C. (a-i) (b-iii) (c-iv)(d-ii)               D. (a-i) (b-ii) (c-iii)(d-iv)

 Q14. Who designed Christ Church at Shimla and St. George Church at Agra?

(a) A. H. E. Boileau             (b) J. T. Boileau

(c) Henry Irwin                   (d) H. S. Harringtom

Q15. In which year the famous Chamba Rumal was declared world heritage by UNESCO?

(a) 15th June, 2018        (b) 24th September, 2010

(c) 31st October, 2008   (d) 24th November, 2005

  1. A 2. C 3. B    4. A.    5. B    6. D    7. D    8. A   9. B   10. B    11. D    12. B    13. C    14. A   15. C

Q1. KAVACH 2023 is related with                                                                                                 A. Domestic violence challenges          B. Cyber security challenges                                   C. Drug challenges in youth                    D. Dealing with Corruption issues

Q2. National Education Day is celebrated on November 11 every year to mark the birth anniversary of Maulana Abul Kalam Azad, India’s first education minister. What is the theme of National Education Day 2023?                                                                                (a) Embracing Revolution           (b) Connect the education                                                     (c) Embracing Innovation            (d) Connecting each other

Q3: Consider the following statements regarding Young Scientist Programme (YUVIKA):

  1. YUVIKA, is a learning and awareness creating programme of the ISRO to impart basic knowledge on Space Technology, Space Science, and Space Applications to younger students with a preference to urban areas.
  2. Students those who have finished class 10 and are currently studying in class 11 can apply for the programme.
  3. Two students from each state/Union Territory will participate in this programme every year, covering CBSE, ICSE, and state-board syllabus.

How many of the above statements is/are correct?                                                                A: Only one           B: Only two           C: All three             D: None

Q4. Where is the 2024 T20 World Cup scheduled to be held?
a. India and Sri Lanka                b. Australia and New Zealand
c. Caribbean and the USA         d. South Africa and Zimbabwe

Q5. What penalty and jail term are prescribed in hit-and-run cases under the recently enacted criminal code called Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS)?
a) 5 lakh rupees penalty, 5 years jail term
b) 7 lakh rupees penalty, 10 years jail term
c) 10 lakh rupees penalty, 7 years jail term
d) No penalty, 15 years jail term

 Q6. Consider the following statements, with reference to Raisina Dialogue:

  1. It is an annual conference on geopolitics and geoeconomics, which aims to address the most challenging issues faced by the world.
  2. It is held annually since 2015 in New Delhi.
  3. The theme of the 2024 edition is “Chaturanga: Conflict, Contest, Cooperate, Create”.

 How many of the above statements is/are correct?                                                                  A: Only one        B: Only two             C: All three        D: None

Q7. Which of the following statements are correct about Parakram Diwas?

  1. It has been celebrated every year on January 26 since 2014.
  2. It commemorates the birth anniversary of the freedom fighter Subhash Chandra Bose.
  3. During the Parakram Diwas 2024 programme, the ‘Bharat Parv’ will be launched to showcase the nation’s diversity.                                                                                 Select the correct answer using the code given below:

(a) 1 and 2 only              (b) 2 and 3 only            (c) 1 and 3 only           (d) 1, 2 and 3

 Q8. Consider the following statements regarding Chinook Helicopter:

  1. Chinook/CH-47F is the U.S. Army’s primary heavy troop and supply transport aircraft.
  2. It is an advanced multi-mission helicopter which is used for the transportation of troops, artillery, supplies, and equipment to the battlefield.

 Which of the above statements is/are correct?                                                                      A: 1 only                   B: 2 only            C: Both 1 and 2         D: Neither 1 nor 2

 Q9.  When was the Brics group initially formed, and which countries were its founding members?
a) Formed in 2010 with Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa
b) Formed in 2006 with Brazil, Russia, India, and China
c) Formed in 2012 with Argentina, China, India, and South Africa
d) Formed in 2008 with Brazil, Russia, India, and South Africa

 Q10. Consider the following passage:   This tiger reserve is located in the Amaravati district of Maharashtra. It was established as a wildlife sanctuary in 1967 and was declared a tiger reserve in 1974. It was the first tiger reserve in Maharashtra. It was among the first nine tiger reserves notified in 1973-74 under Project Tiger. The forest is tropical dry deciduous in nature, dominated by teak. The Tapti River and the Gawilgadh ridge of the Satpura Range form the boundaries of the reserve.                                        The above passage is related to which of the following tiger reserve?                                    A: Melghat Tiger Reserve        B: Tadoba Tiger Reserve                                                           C: Pench Tiger Reserve            D: Bor Tiger Reserve

Q.11 Consider the statements regarding MERA YUVA BHARAT (MY BHARAT) Scheme

  1. Prime Minister Narendra Modi has launched the ‘Mera Yuva Bharat (MY Bharat)’ platform on October 11, 2023,
  2. Mera Yuva Bharat (MY Bharat), an autonomous body will benefit the youth in the age group of 15-29 years, in line with the definition of ‘Youth’ in the National Youth Policy. The beneficiaries will be in the age group of 10-19 years.
  3. Mera Yuva Bharat (MY Bharat) is ‘Phygital Platform’ (physical + digital) comprising physical activity along with an opportunity to connect digitally.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?                                                                   A: 1 only                   B: 2 & 3 only                C:  1 and 2  ony        D: All are true

Q12. Which among the following countries have joined Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa (BRICS) as new full members in 2023?                                                        1. Argentina     2. Turkey     3. Ethiopia     4.   Egypt       5. Iran                                         Select the correct answer using the code given below:                                                           (a) 1, 2 and 3 only          (b) 2, 3 and 4 only   (c) 3, 4 and 5 only          (d) 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5.

Q13. Consider the following statements regarding Pravasi Bhartiya Diwas:

  1. It is celebrated every year to commemorate the return of Mahatma Gandhi to India from Japan.
  2. On this day, only NRIs are awarded for their contribution in spreading Indian culture abroad.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?                                                              (a) 1 only                         (b) 2 only       (c) Both 1 and 2              (d) Neither 1 nor 2

Q14. ‘Operation Prosperity Guardian’ was seen in the news recently, it is related to which of the following?                                                                                                                  (a) Child sex ratio                                                                                                                            (b) Monetary help to Disabled people                                                                                        (c) Addressing security challenges in the Red Sea                                                                  (d) Tacking Piracy incidents across the Globe

Q15. World’s largest iceberg, named A23a, recently seen in the news, is related to:           (a) Alaska                      (b) Iceland            (c) Antarctica               (d) Greenland

  1. B 2. C    3. D     4. C.    5.  B   6. B    7. B    8.C     9.  B  10. A    11. D    12. C     13. D   14.  C     15.  C

सामान्य हिन्दी

General English

  1. Select the correct active form of the given sentence: The thief was being arrested by the police.

A. The police has arrested the thief               B. The police arrested the thief.

C. The police had arrested the thief.             D. The police was arresting the thief

2. Which word or words explains the meaning of the following idioms: A bull in a china shop

A. A person who is very ugly but loves the beautiful things of life

B. A rough and clumsy person at a place where skill and care are required

C. A person who takes a sadistic delight in harming innocent people

D. A person who becomes too excited where no excitement is warranted

3. The following sentence contains which type of conjunction? – “She is not only a great singer but also an exceptional dancer.”

A. Coordinating                 B. Subordinating

C. Correlative                    D. Phrasal

4. Select the option that expresses the given sentence in passive voice: Sujata shared the results of her experiment with her colleagues.

A. The results of her experiment were shared with her colleagues by Sujata

B. Her colleagues shared the results of her experiment with Sujata

C. The results of her experiment can be shared with her colleagues by Sujata

D. The results of her experiment are being shared with her colleagues by Sujata

5. Select the antonym of coalesce

A. separate                   B. cleave                       C. amalgamate             D. adhere

6. Adverbs can modify all of the following except

A. Adjectives           B. Verbs             C. other adverbs            D. Nouns

7.  Which of the following sentences is correctly punctuated?

A. Everyone has special skills; and, some people use them very well

B. Everyone has special skills; some people use them very well

C. Everyone has special skills some people use them very well

D. Everyone has special skills and, some people use them very well

8. Which word or words explains the meaning of the following idioms:- To flog a dead horse

A. To act in a foolish way              B. To revive interest in an old subject

C. To waste one’s efforts              D. To revive old memories

9. In the sentence identify the segment which contains the grammatical error: Raja Ravi Varma was one of the first artist who tried to create a style that was both modern and traditional.

A. one of the first artist                     B. to create a style that was

C. Raja Ravi Varma was                    D. Both modern and traditional

10. The train is running late. We _________ reach on time.

A. should not                    B. might not

C. could not                      D. need not

  1. D 2. B   3. C    4. A.    5.  A      6. D    7. B     8.C     9.  A  10. B    
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